Gemstones of eastern Kazakhstan, Chlachula Jiri http://yadda.icm.edu.pl
“Kazakh gemstones and decorative rocks in prehistoric art of the ancient Saryarka (homeland of nomadic Scythian-Saks’ and Sarmatian early Iron Age tribes) and the historical Hun and Mongol ethnic groups (Saparov et al., 2018). The Scythian-Sarmat elite burial mound ornaments (6th–2nd century BC)
A – Pendant of facetted and polished coloured stones – ortite (allanite), porphyry, dark red garnets, marble onyx, tourmaline and zircon (a–f) (Lebedevka burial complex, western Kazakhstan);
B – Bracelet of white quartz, turquoise, jade and chalcedony (a–d) (Taldy 2 burial complex, Karaganda Region, central Kazakhstan);
C – Quartz (rock) crystal necklace (Lebedevka burial complex, western Kazakhstan);
D – Gold earrings with cone-shaped turquoise pendants (Akbeyit burial site, eastern Kazakhstan).
All stone types are present in the Altay region. National
Museum of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan. Photographs by the author”
The nicolo gemstones in jewelry and wall paintings from Trier
https://colorsandstones.eu/2021/11/05/the-nicolo-gemstones-in-jewelry-and-wall-paintings-from-trier/
‘Eye-Like Radiance’: The Depiction of Gemstones in Roman Wall Painting by Ruth Allen, 2019
Amethyst AMETHYSTUS: ANCIENT PROPERTIES AND ICONOGRAPHIC SELECTION
| Crystal quartz | |
|---|---|
| Crystalline Aesthetics and the Classical Concept of the Medium Patrick R Crowley | M. Burianek u. Th. Höltken, A rock crystal workshop from Cologne. In: A. Hilgner, S. Greiff u. D. Quast (Hrsg.), Gemstones in the First Millenium AD. Mines, Trade, Workshop and Symbolism. RGZM Tagungen Bd. 30 (Mainz 2017) 137-147. https://www.academia.edu/37674200/M_Burianek |
| Crystals and Lenses In the Graeco-Roman World https://www.academia.edu/256578/Crystals_and_Lenses_In_the_Graeco_Roman_World Dimitris Plantzos | The Use of Magnifying Lenses in the Classical World https://www.academia.edu/467038/The_Use_of_Magnifying_Lenses_in_the_Classical_World Harvey Hanna |
Roman Imitation Diamonds 1973, The Journal of Gemmology
https://www.academia.edu/27918403/Roman_Imitation_Diamonds
Jack Ogden
Emeralds, sapphires, pearls and other gemmological materials from the Preslav gold treasure (X century) in Bulgaria
Ruslan I. Kostov
| Lisbet Thoresen | |
|---|---|
 Greek, Etruscan and Roman garnets in the antiquities collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum2013, The Journal of Gemmology https://www.academia.edu/32321421/Greek_Etruscan_and_Roman_garnets_in_the_antiquities_collection_of_the_J_Paul_Getty_Museum | Archaeogemmology and ancient literary sources on gems and their origins https://www.academia.edu/32298852/Archaeogemmology_and_ancient_literary_sources_on_gems_and_their_origins |
| Noel Adams | Garnet |
|---|---|
| Garnet Inlays in the Light of the Armaziskhevi Dagger Hilt https://www.academia.edu/2614651/Garnet_Inlays_in_the_Light_of_the_Armaziskhevi_Dagger_Hilt | Rethinking the Sutton Hoo Shoulder Clasps and Armour https://www.academia.edu/2614655/Rethinking_the_Sutton_Hoo_Shoulder_Clasps_and_Armour |
| The Garnet Millennium: The Role of Seal Stones in Garnet Studies https://www.academia.edu/2614628/The_Garnet_Millennium_The_Role_of_Seal_Stones_in_Garnet_Studies |
| Garnet | |
|---|---|
| Following the Garnet’s Trail: From South Asia to Europe https://www.academia.edu/9689781/Following_the_Garnet_s_Trail_From_South_Asia_to_EuropeJulie Pusch Borayin Larios | PARTHIAN AND EARLY SASANIAN EARRINGS WITH GARNET INLAY https://www.academia.edu/40292294/PARTHIAN_AND_EARLY_SASANIAN_EARRINGS_WITH_GARNET_INLAY Dieter Quast |
European Precious Opal from Červenica-Dubník – an Historical and Gemmological Summary https://www.academia.edu/30936417/European_Precious_Opal_from_%C4%8Cervenica_Dubn%C3%ADk_an_Historical_and_Gemmological_Summary
Peter Semrád
Opals from Slovakia (“Hungarian” opals): a re-assessment of the conditions of formation2004, European Journal of Mineralogy
https://www.academia.edu/13206038/Opals_from_Slovakia_Hungarian_opals_a_re_assessment_of_the_conditions_of_formation
Emmanuel Fritsch
| Engraved gemstones | |
|---|---|
| Ancient Jewelry from Private Collections. Rings THE STATE HERMITAGE MUSEUM Catalog | |
 |  Gemstones + Palmyra Аrt of Portraiture Anna Trofimova |
| Engraved gems and cameos from the Antiquities Collection of the Belgrade City Museum https://www.academia.edu/33051288/Engraved_gems_and_cameos_from_the_Antiquities_Collection_of_the_Belgrade_City_Museum milorad ignjatovic | Roman Gemstones of Ibida 2019, ArchAeologicAlSmAll FindSAndTheir SigniFicAnce https://www.academia.edu/39295044/Roman_Gemstones_of_Ibida Dan Aparaschivei |
ASMOSIA XI, Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone. Marble, stoneworkers etc
https://repozitorij.gradst.unist.hr/islandora/object/gradst%3A1360
Essays and video: Stoneworking Techniques and Processes; Tools (saw!) & Toolmarks; also mosaics, stone carving W. Wootton, B. Russell, P. Rockwell · Art of Making http://artofmaking.ac.uk/content/essays/3-stoneworking-techniques-and-processes-w-wootton-b-russell-p-rockwell/… przez @carvingstone
MYCENAEAN LAPIDARY CRAFTSMANSHIP: THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF STONE VASES by Elise Morero https://www.academia.edu/12161745/MYCENAEAN_LAPIDARY_CRAFTSMANSHIP_THE_MANUFACTURING_PROCESS_OF_STONE_VASES
Techniques and tools employed in the manufacture of lba stone objects found in the Peloponnese, Elina Eleftheria Stamatatou
https://www.academia.edu/36139137/TECHNIQUES_AND_TOOLS_EMPLOYED_IN_THE_MANUFACTURE_OF_LBA_STONE_OBJECTS_FOUND_IN_THE_PELOPONNESE_
Jade working in China, video about old techniques and tools https://pl.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/global-prehistory-ap/paleolithic-mesolithic-neolithic-apah/v/working-jade
The Art of Gem Carving, methods and tools https://youtu.be/xgTpGASqrKY
GEMCUTTING (ḥakkākī). The first-known reference in Persian to gem cutting is found in an anonymous treatise on jewelry, Jowhar-nāma-ye neẓāmī, written in 592/1195-96